In one sentence
A source-available, fair-code workflow platform with cloud and self-hosted deployment options.
n8n (pronounced 'n-eight-n') is a source-available, fair-code workflow automation platform under its Sustainable Use License. It provides a visual node-based builder, code nodes, sub-workflows, error handling, and integrations with external services.
It can run in n8n Cloud or on infrastructure operated by the customer. Self-hosting gives an organization more control over the orchestration layer, deployment, logs, and retention, but it does not mean workflow data never leaves that infrastructure. Every EHR, messaging provider, model, API, or other external service called by a workflow receives the data sent to it.
Self-hosting also does not establish HIPAA or other regulatory compliance by itself. The operator remains responsible for risk analysis, access controls, patching, backups, logging, retention, incident response, and appropriate agreements with connected vendors.
I use n8n when its visual workflow model and extensibility fit the project. The deployment decision is made from the actual data flow, licensing, operational capability, and compliance requirements rather than a blanket preference for cloud or self-hosting.